Shia Islam

Jafri, S. Husain M.  The Origins and Early Development of Shi‘a Islam.  Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Momen, Moojan.  An Introduction to Shi‘i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi‘ism.  New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1985.

Nasr, Seyyed Hossein, Hamid Dabashi and Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr, eds.  Expectation of the Millennium: Shi‘ism in History.  Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1989.

Sachedina, Abdulaziz A.  Islamic Messianism: The Idea of the Mahdi in Twelver Shi‘ism.  Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1981.

Tabataba’i, ‘Allamah Sayyid Muhammad Husain (Seyyed Hoseyn Nasr, trans. and ed.).  Shi‘ite Islam.  London: George Allen & Unwin, 1975.